#SQL injection course

[mariacallous]

The flood of text messages started arriving early this year. They carried a similar thrust: The United States Postal Service is trying to deliver a parcel but needs more details, including your credit card number. All the messages pointed to websites where the information could be entered.

Like thousands of others, security researcher Grant Smith got a USPS package message. Many of his friends had received similar texts. A couple of days earlier, he says, his wife called him and said she’d inadvertently entered her credit card details. With little going on after the holidays, Smith began a mission: Hunt down the scammers.

Over the course of a few weeks, Smith tracked down the Chinese-language group behind the mass-smishing campaign, hacked into their systems, collected evidence of their activities, and started a months-long process of gathering victim data and handing it to USPS investigators and a US bank, allowing people’s cards to be protected from fraudulent activity.

In total, people entered 438,669 unique credit cards into 1,133 domains used by the scammers, says Smith, a red team engineer and the founder of offensive cybersecurity firm Phantom Security. Many people entered multiple cards each, he says. More than 50,000 email addresses were logged, including hundreds of university email addresses and 20 military or government email domains. The victims were spread across the United States—California, the state with the most, had 141,000 entries—with more than 1.2 million pieces of information being entered in total.

“This shows the mass scale of the problem,” says Smith, who is presenting his findings at the Defcon security conference this weekend and previously published some details of the work. But the scale of the scamming is likely to be much larger, Smith says, as he didn't manage to track down all of the fraudulent USPS websites, and the group behind the efforts have been linked to similar scams in at least half a dozen other countries.

Gone Phishing

Chasing down the group didn’t take long. Smith started investigating the smishing text message he received by the dodgy domain and intercepting traffic from the website. A path traversal vulnerability, coupled with a SQL injection, he says, allowed him to grab files from the website’s server and read data from the database being used.

“I thought there was just one standard site that they all were using,” Smith says. Diving into the data from that initial website, he found the name of a Chinese-language Telegram account and channel, which appeared to be selling a smishing kit scammers could use to easily create the fake websites.

Details of the Telegram username were previously published by cybersecurity company Resecurity, which calls the scammers the “Smishing Triad.” The company had previously found a separate SQL injection in the group’s smishing kits and provided Smith with a copy of the tool. (The Smishing Triad had fixed the previous flaw and started encrypting data, Smith says.)

“I started reverse engineering it, figured out how everything was being encrypted, how I could decrypt it, and figured out a more efficient way of grabbing the data,” Smith says. From there, he says, he was able to break administrator passwords on the websites—many had not been changed from the default “admin” username and “123456” password—and began pulling victim data from the network of smishing websites in a faster, automated way.

Smith trawled Reddit and other online sources to find people reporting the scam and the URLs being used, which he subsequently published. Some of the websites running the Smishing Triad’s tools were collecting thousands of people’s personal information per day, Smith says. Among other details, the websites would request people’s names, addresses, payment card numbers and security codes, phone numbers, dates of birth, and bank websites. This level of information can allow a scammer to make purchases online with the credit cards. Smith says his wife quickly canceled her card, but noticed that the scammers still tried to use it, for instance, with Uber. The researcher says he would collect data from a website and return to it a few hours later, only to find hundreds of new records.

The researcher provided the details to a bank that had contacted him after seeing his initial blog posts. Smith declined to name the bank. He also reported the incidents to the FBI and later provided information to the United States Postal Inspection Service (USPIS).

Michael Martel, a national public information officer at USPIS, says the information provided by Smith is being used as part of an ongoing USPIS investigation and that the agency cannot comment on specific details. “USPIS is already actively pursuing this type of information to protect the American people, identify victims, and serve justice to the malicious actors behind it all,” Martel says, pointing to advice on spotting and reporting USPS package delivery scams.

Initially, Smith says, he was wary about going public with his research, as this kind of “hacking back” falls into a “gray area”: It may be breaking the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, a sweeping US computer-crimes law, but he’s doing it against foreign-based criminals. Something he is definitely not the first, or last, to do.

Multiple Prongs

The Smishing Triad is prolific. In addition to using postal services as lures for their scams, the Chinese-speaking group has targeted online banking, ecommerce, and payment systems in the US, Europe, India, Pakistan, and the United Arab Emirates, according to Shawn Loveland, the chief operating officer of Resecurity, which has consistently tracked the group.

The Smishing Triad sends between 50,000 and 100,000 messages daily, according to Resecurity’s research. Its scam messages are sent using SMS or Apple’s iMessage, the latter being encrypted. Loveland says the Triad is made up of two distinct groups—a small team led by one Chinese hacker that creates, sells, and maintains the smishing kit, and a second group of people who buy the scamming tool. (A backdoor in the kit allows the creator to access details of administrators using the kit, Smith says in a blog post.)

“It’s very mature,” Loveland says of the operation. The group sells the scamming kit on Telegram for a $200-per month subscription, and this can be customized to show the organization the scammers are trying to impersonate. “The main actor is Chinese communicating in the Chinese language,” Loveland says. “They do not appear to be hacking Chinese language websites or users.” (In communications with the main contact on Telegram, the individual claimed to Smith that they were a computer science student.)

The relatively low monthly subscription cost for the smishing kit means it’s highly likely, with the number of credit card details scammers are collecting, that those using it are making significant profits. Loveland says using text messages that immediately send people a notification is a more direct and more successful way of phishing, compared to sending emails with malicious links included.

As a result, smishing has been on the rise in recent years. But there are some tell-tale signs: If you receive a message from a number or email you don't recognize, if it contains a link to click on, or if it wants you to do something urgently, you should be suspicious.

[dimlyelectrifiedcheetah]

I think I walked myself into some sort of view and like farm

So I sent out my resume left and right on the internet trying to get a job, so of course bots eventually caught it.

I got an Imessage saying my resume got a lot of "traction" (I got 2 calls for the 250 jobs I applied for)

Knew it was a scam but I was intrigued.

They sent me to telegram (red flag #1) They gave me a hot russian "handler" (red flag #2) She sends me a schedule which just says : "9-10 task 1" "10-11 task 2" ... etc

9 am rolls around and she send me a tiktok link (It's a food blog vid with abt 100k likes), I like it send her a screenshot ,she adds £2 to my balance

10 am rolls around and she sends me another tiktok this time it's central cee's official accounts (The link opens the app not a webpage so it's not a dupe), I have 4£ in my account.

i continue playing this little game thinking I didn't use any of my money and they only asked for my account number and sort code (with this info they can't withdraw money only deposit it so I'm safe), and i reach £10 AND I KID U NOT GUYS THIS IS NOT AN AD SHE PAYS ME THE MONEY WAS REAL

I bought a lil cake with that money to celebrate

Did it the next day and same think happened

Today she told me something about "prepaid tasks" where you have to send them 10£ to add to a trading account from a clearly fake website and she promised to pay me back 22£ AND SHE DID. The trading platform was so clearly not real it was hilarious Im planning a SQL injection and a denial of service attack later today and send them into chaos lol.

IDK what this is, why are you paying me 2£ for a like? seems off ngl. I am stupid for giving my bank details away but it worked so ... Let's hope I don't end up being charged with something lol. Like who funds these people, I remember back in the day like4like services that actually paid didn't pay that much and if you wanted to buy likes or views it was super cheap. I don't think my 20 likes deserves the 60 ish pounds ig but who knows.

Maybe I should create some new telegram accounts to multiply my money.

No I won't put a link to it cz if I'm gonna be pursued it's gonna be for one crime not two :p

#beermoney ig

[sqlinjection]

SQLi simulation using a virtual machine

Demonstration/simulation of SQL Injection attacks (In-band, Union-based, Blind SQLi) using a Kali Linux virtual machine and a Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) on a low difficulty level

Blind SQL provided in the video can be used also for gaining other sensitive information: length of the name of the database, database name itself etc.

the common attacks are shown and described shortly in the video, but of course for better learning you can try it yourself.

more resources where you can try out exploiting SQLi vulnerability:

- Try Hack Me SQLi Lab

- W3Schools SQL Injection

- Hacksplaining SQL Injection

more advanced pokemons can try:

- Try Hack Me SQli Advanced Lab

and of course DVWA is a great tool!

[writter123]

Key Programming Languages Every Ethical Hacker Should Know

In the realm of cybersecurity, ethical hacking stands as a critical line of defense against cyber threats. Ethical hackers use their skills to identify vulnerabilities and prevent malicious attacks. To be effective in this role, a strong foundation in programming is essential. Certain programming languages are particularly valuable for ethical hackers, enabling them to develop tools, scripts, and exploits. This blog post explores the most important programming languages for ethical hackers and how these skills are integrated into various training programs.

Python: The Versatile Tool

Python is often considered the go-to language for ethical hackers due to its versatility and ease of use. It offers a wide range of libraries and frameworks that simplify tasks like scripting, automation, and data analysis. Python’s readability and broad community support make it a popular choice for developing custom security tools and performing various hacking tasks. Many top Ethical Hacking Course institutes incorporate Python into their curriculum because it allows students to quickly grasp the basics and apply their knowledge to real-world scenarios. In an Ethical Hacking Course, learning Python can significantly enhance your ability to automate tasks and write scripts for penetration testing. Its extensive libraries, such as Scapy for network analysis and Beautiful Soup for web scraping, can be crucial for ethical hacking projects.

JavaScript: The Web Scripting Language

JavaScript is indispensable for ethical hackers who focus on web security. It is the primary language used in web development and can be leveraged to understand and exploit vulnerabilities in web applications. By mastering JavaScript, ethical hackers can identify issues like Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and develop techniques to mitigate such risks. An Ethical Hacking Course often covers JavaScript to help students comprehend how web applications work and how attackers can exploit JavaScript-based vulnerabilities. Understanding this language enables ethical hackers to perform more effective security assessments on websites and web applications.

Biggest Cyber Attacks in the World

C and C++: Low-Level Mastery

C and C++ are essential for ethical hackers who need to delve into low-level programming and system vulnerabilities. These languages are used to develop software and operating systems, making them crucial for understanding how exploits work at a fundamental level. Mastery of C and C++ can help ethical hackers identify and exploit buffer overflows, memory corruption, and other critical vulnerabilities. Courses at leading Ethical Hacking Course institutes frequently include C and C++ programming to provide a deep understanding of how software vulnerabilities can be exploited. Knowledge of these languages is often a prerequisite for advanced penetration testing and vulnerability analysis.

Bash Scripting: The Command-Line Interface

Bash scripting is a powerful tool for automating tasks on Unix-based systems. It allows ethical hackers to write scripts that perform complex sequences of commands, making it easier to conduct security audits and manage multiple tasks efficiently. Bash scripting is particularly useful for creating custom tools and automating repetitive tasks during penetration testing. An Ethical Hacking Course that offers job assistance often emphasizes the importance of Bash scripting, as it is a fundamental skill for many security roles. Being proficient in Bash can streamline workflows and improve efficiency when working with Linux-based systems and tools.

SQL: Database Security Insights

Structured Query Language (SQL) is essential for ethical hackers who need to assess and secure databases. SQL injection is a common attack vector used to exploit vulnerabilities in web applications that interact with databases. By understanding SQL, ethical hackers can identify and prevent SQL injection attacks and assess the security of database systems. Incorporating SQL into an Ethical Hacking Course can provide students with a comprehensive understanding of database security and vulnerability management. This knowledge is crucial for performing thorough security assessments and ensuring robust protection against database-related attacks.

Understanding Course Content and Fees

When choosing an Ethical Hacking Course, it’s important to consider how well the program covers essential programming languages. Courses offered by top Ethical Hacking Course institutes should provide practical, hands-on training in Python, JavaScript, C/C++, Bash scripting, and SQL. Additionally, the course fee can vary depending on the institute and the comprehensiveness of the program. Investing in a high-quality course that covers these programming languages and offers practical experience can significantly enhance your skills and employability in the cybersecurity field.

Certification and Career Advancement

Obtaining an Ethical Hacking Course certification can validate your expertise and improve your career prospects. Certifications from reputable institutes often include components related to the programming languages discussed above. For instance, certifications may test your ability to write scripts in Python or perform SQL injection attacks. By securing an Ethical Hacking Course certification, you demonstrate your proficiency in essential programming languages and your readiness to tackle complex security challenges. Mastering the right programming languages is crucial for anyone pursuing a career in ethical hacking. Python, JavaScript, C/C++, Bash scripting, and SQL each play a unique role in the ethical hacking landscape, providing the tools and knowledge needed to identify and address security vulnerabilities. By choosing a top Ethical Hacking Course institute that covers these languages and investing in a course that offers practical training and job assistance, you can position yourself for success in this dynamic field. With the right skills and certification, you’ll be well-equipped to tackle the evolving challenges of cybersecurity and contribute to protecting critical digital assets.

[java-full-stack-izeon]

java full stack

A Java Full Stack Developer is proficient in both front-end and back-end development, using Java for server-side (backend) programming. Here's a comprehensive guide to becoming a Java Full Stack Developer:

1. Core Java

Fundamentals: Object-Oriented Programming, Data Types, Variables, Arrays, Operators, Control Statements.

Advanced Topics: Exception Handling, Collections Framework, Streams, Lambda Expressions, Multithreading.

2. Front-End Development

HTML: Structure of web pages, Semantic HTML.

CSS: Styling, Flexbox, Grid, Responsive Design.

JavaScript: ES6+, DOM Manipulation, Fetch API, Event Handling.

Frameworks/Libraries:

React: Components, State, Props, Hooks, Context API, Router.

Angular: Modules, Components, Services, Directives, Dependency Injection.

Vue.js: Directives, Components, Vue Router, Vuex for state management.

3. Back-End Development

Java Frameworks:

Spring: Core, Boot, MVC, Data JPA, Security, Rest.

Hibernate: ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework.

Building REST APIs: Using Spring Boot to build scalable and maintainable REST APIs.

4. Database Management

SQL Databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL (CRUD operations, Joins, Indexing).

NoSQL Databases: MongoDB (CRUD operations, Aggregation).

5. Version Control/Git

Basic Git commands: clone, pull, push, commit, branch, merge.

Platforms: GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket.

6. Build Tools

Maven: Dependency management, Project building.

Gradle: Advanced build tool with Groovy-based DSL.

7. Testing

Unit Testing: JUnit, Mockito.

Integration Testing: Using Spring Test.

8. DevOps (Optional but beneficial)

Containerization: Docker (Creating, managing containers).

CI/CD: Jenkins, GitHub Actions.

Cloud Services: AWS, Azure (Basics of deployment).

9. Soft Skills

Problem-Solving: Algorithms and Data Structures.

Communication: Working in teams, Agile/Scrum methodologies.

Project Management: Basic understanding of managing projects and tasks.

Learning Path

Start with Core Java: Master the basics before moving to advanced concepts.

Learn Front-End Basics: HTML, CSS, JavaScript.

Move to Frameworks: Choose one front-end framework (React/Angular/Vue.js).

Back-End Development: Dive into Spring and Hibernate.

Database Knowledge: Learn both SQL and NoSQL databases.

Version Control: Get comfortable with Git.

Testing and DevOps: Understand the basics of testing and deployment.

Resources

Books:

Effective Java by Joshua Bloch.

Java: The Complete Reference by Herbert Schildt.

Head First Java by Kathy Sierra & Bert Bates.

Online Courses:

Coursera, Udemy, Pluralsight (Java, Spring, React/Angular/Vue.js).

FreeCodeCamp, Codecademy (HTML, CSS, JavaScript).

Documentation:

Official documentation for Java, Spring, React, Angular, and Vue.js.

Community and Practice

GitHub: Explore open-source projects.

Stack Overflow: Participate in discussions and problem-solving.

Coding Challenges: LeetCode, HackerRank, CodeWars for practice.

By mastering these areas, you'll be well-equipped to handle the diverse responsibilities of a Java Full Stack Developer.

visit https://www.izeoninnovative.com/izeon/

[softcrayonsblog]

Advanced Java Training: Become a Skilled Java Developer with Softcrayons Tech Solution

Advanced Java training | Advance java training course | Java training institute 

Looking to improve your programming skills and create a strong basis in the software development industry? Enroll in Advanced java training with Softcrayons Tech Solution, a top IT training institution in Noida, Ghaziabad, and Delhi NCR. Our expert-designed course goes beyond the fundamentals and delves deep into enterprise-level Java technology, preparing you for in-demand Java development positions. Whether you are a student pursuing a career in software engineering, a working professional looking for progress, or someone hoping to transfer into backend programming, this advanced java training program is your ticket to success.

Why Choose Advanced Java Training?

Java is one of the most powerful and widely-used programming languages in the world. It’s the backbone of countless enterprise applications, web platforms, Android apps, and software systems. However, basic knowledge of Java is not enough to compete in today’s job market. Employers now look for developers with a comprehensive understanding of Advanced Java—including Servlets, JSP, JDBC, and frameworks like Spring and Hibernate. Our Advanced Java training course is specifically structured to provide deep knowledge and hands-on experience with real-world projects. This ensures you not only learn the theory but also apply it practically—just like you would in a professional Java development environment.

Course Highlights: What You Will Learn

Our Advanced Java training program is tailored to meet the current industry standards. Here’s what you will master in our course:

1. Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

Learn how to connect Java applications with databases using JDBC. This includes CRUD operations, transaction management, and SQL optimization techniques.

2. Servlets and JavaServer Pages (JSP)

Understand the power of Servlets and JSP in building dynamic web applications. Create interactive web pages, manage sessions, and handle form data with precision.

3. MVC Architecture

Get in-depth knowledge of Model-View-Controller design patterns and how they help organize web applications more efficiently.

4. Spring Framework

Master Spring Core, Spring Boot, and dependency injection. Learn how to build scalable, secure, and robust applications with minimal code.

5. Hibernate ORM

Work with Hibernate for object-relational mapping. Learn how to persist Java objects into relational databases with ease and efficiency.

6. RESTful Web Services

Learn to build REST APIs that are scalable and efficient using Spring MVC and Spring Boot.

7. Version Control with Git

Understand the basics of Git for managing and tracking your code during project development.

8. Real-Time Projects

Apply your skills through hands-on projects that simulate real-world challenges and give you a portfolio to show employers.

Why Softcrayons Tech Solution?

Choosing the right training institute is as important as choosing the right career path. Softcrayons Tech Solution is one of the most trusted names for Advanced Java training in Noida, Ghaziabad, and Delhi NCR. Here’s why thousands of students and professionals prefer us:

Experienced Faculty

Our trainers are Java experts with over a decade of industry experience in companies like TCS, Infosys, Wipro, and HCL.

Updated Curriculum

Our syllabus is regularly updated to reflect the latest trends in Java development and enterprise software engineering.

Placement Assistance

We provide full support in resume building, mock interviews, and job placement. Our strong tie-ups with top IT companies help you land your dream job faster.

Flexible Learning Modes

Choose from classroom sessions, online batches, or weekend classes according to your convenience.

Affordable Pricing

Get industry-standard training without breaking your budget. Easy EMI options are available for all major courses.

Who Should Enroll?

This Advanced Java course is ideal for:

B.Tech/BCA/MCA students

Working software professionals

Freelancers and web developers

Anyone with basic Java knowledge aiming to upgrade their skills

Whether you're a fresher looking for your first job or an experienced coder aiming for a promotion, this course provides the tools and confidence you need to advance in your career.

Career Opportunities After Advanced Java Training

Once you complete the Advanced Java Training at Softcrayons, you'll be qualified for high-paying roles in the tech industry. Here are some of the job profiles you can target:

Java Backend Developer

Full Stack Java Developer

Software Engineer

Java Architect

Web Application Developer

Spring Boot Developer

REST API Developer

Android App Developer (using Java)

Tools and Technologies Covered

Java 8/11

Eclipse & IntelliJ IDE

MySQL / Oracle Database

Git & GitHub

Apache Tomcat

Maven / Gradle

Spring, Spring Boot

Hibernate ORM

REST APIs

JUnit & Testing Frameworks

Locations We Serve

Softcrayons offers top-rated Advanced Java training in Noida, Ghaziabad, and Delhi NCR. Our modern classrooms, experienced mentors, and state-of-the-art lab facilities make us a preferred training destination for tech aspirants across the region.

We also provide online training for students and professionals across India and abroad. So, no matter where you are, you can still benefit from our expert guidance.

Enroll Today and Accelerate Your Java Career!

Our Advanced java training course is more than just a certification; it’s a powerful career boost. With expert supervision, an industry-oriented curriculum, and hands-on practical experience, you’ll be fully equipped to tackle any challenge in the world of Java programming. Contact us 

[shakshi09]

How Is Java Secured In Modern Web Applications?

Java offers several built-in and external mechanisms to secure modern web applications against common vulnerabilities. One key security feature is Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS), which ensures secure user access by handling login and permission management. Java frameworks like Spring Security further simplify and enhance application security by providing robust solutions for authentication, authorization, CSRF protection, and session management.

To prevent SQL injection, Java encourages the use of PreparedStatements over dynamic queries. It also supports input validation, data sanitization, and output encoding to combat cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. Secure communication is achieved through SSL/TLS encryption, and tools like OWASP Java Encoder and ESAPI can be integrated to handle encoding and security enforcement.

Modern Java-based web apps also benefit from secure deployment practices, such as setting HTTP security headers, role-based access control (RBAC), and frequent vulnerability testing. The layered architecture of Java full stack applications helps isolate business logic from presentation and data access layers, reducing attack surfaces.

To understand these practices in depth and become industry-ready, consider exploring a java full stack developer course.

[itonlinetraining12]

What Are the Top Benefits of Enrolling in Quality Assurance Testing Courses?

Introduction

In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, delivering a seamless and bug-free user experience is non-negotiable. As companies rush products to market, the risk of defects and performance issues escalates, potentially jeopardizing user satisfaction, brand reputation, and revenue. This is where Quality Assurance (QA) testing professionals step in, ensuring software meets the highest standards of functionality, reliability, and usability.

Enrolling in Quality Assurance Testing Courses equips individuals with the skills, methodologies, and tools needed to excel in this critical field. Whether you’re pivoting from a different discipline or looking to deepen your expertise, QA testing training offers tangible benefits that can accelerate your career and drive organizational success.

Mastery of Fundamental QA Principles and Methodologies

Understanding the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

One of the primary advantages of structured QA testing courses is an in-depth grasp of the SDLC. You’ll learn how testing fits into each phase from requirements gathering and design to implementation and maintenance. This holistic view enables you to:

Identify defects early: By understanding upstream activities, you can anticipate potential issues.

Recommend process improvements: Offer suggestions that streamline development and minimize rework.

Exposure to Diverse Testing Methodologies

Quality Assurance Testing Courses cover a spectrum of methodologies, including:

Manual Testing: The foundation—learn to design test cases, execute them, and report bugs effectively.

Automated Testing: Gain hands-on experience with popular tools (e.g., Selenium, JUnit) to accelerate repetitive test scenarios.

Agile and DevOps Testing: Integrate QA into fast-paced sprint cycles, ensuring continuous delivery without compromising quality.

By mastering these frameworks, you become adaptable to any organizational environment, from start-ups to enterprise-level corporations.

Enhanced Technical Skill Set

Quality assurance software testing courses go far beyond theory, immersing you in practical, tool-centric training that empowers you to:

Write test scripts: Use scripting languages (e.g., Python, JavaScript) to automate functional and regression tests.

Leverage version control: Integrate with Git and CI/CD pipelines to ensure seamless collaboration and rapid deployment.

Use performance testing tools: Simulate user loads with JMeter or LoadRunner to validate application stability under stress.

Conduct security testing basics: Identify vulnerabilities (e.g., SQL injection, cross-site scripting) to preempt security breaches.

These technical proficiencies not only boost your efficiency but also position you as a versatile QA engineer capable of tackling end-to-end testing challenges.

Improved Career Prospects and Earning Potential

High Demand for QA Professionals

The global software testing market is projected to grow at a robust rate, driven by digital transformation initiatives across industries. Organizations of all sizes—healthcare, finance, e-commerce, and beyond—seek skilled QA testers to safeguard software quality. By completing a recognized QA testing course, you:

Stand out to employers: Demonstrate formal training and hands-on experience.

Access a broader job market: From entry-level tester roles to QA lead and automation engineer positions.

Competitive Salaries and Rapid Growth

Certified QA professionals often command salaries above entry-level developer roles, thanks to the specialized nature of testing expertise. Additionally, QA career paths can evolve into test architects, QA managers, or DevOps engineers, each offering significant compensation increases.

Adoption of Best Practices and Industry Standards

Quality Assurance Testing Courses emphasize adherence to global standards such as ISO/IEC 25010 (Systems and Software Quality Models) and IEEE 829 (Test Documentation). You’ll learn to:

Develop comprehensive test plans: Define project scope, objectives, risk assessment, and resource allocation.

Create detailed test cases and scripts: Ensure coverage of functional, integration, system, and user acceptance testing.

Generate clear test reports: Use metrics (e.g., defect density, test coverage) to provide actionable insights to stakeholders.

Mastering these best practices ensures consistency in testing processes, reduces defects, and fosters continuous improvement.

Real-World, Hands-On Learning and Portfolio Building

One of the standout benefits of QA testing courses is the emphasis on practical projects:

Simulated enterprise applications: Work on sample e-commerce or banking systems to practice end-to-end testing.

Group exercises: Collaborate with peers to mirror real-world team dynamics and communication challenges.

Capstone projects: Design and execute full testing cycles, culminating in a portfolio-worthy deliverable.

Showcasing these hands-on projects during interviews demonstrates your ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real software, instantly boosting employer confidence.

Development of Analytical and Problem-Solving Skills

Effective QA testing extends beyond clicking through screens—it demands critical thinking to uncover non-obvious defects. Through structured coursework, you’ll hone your:

Analytical mindset: Break down complex features into testable components.

Exploratory testing techniques: Identify edge cases through creative, unscripted testing approaches.

Root cause analysis: Trace defects back to their origin, enabling developers to implement robust fixes.

These transferable skills are invaluable, enhancing your performance in QA roles and beyond be it business analysis, project management, or product ownership.

Exposure to Emerging Trends and Cutting-Edge Tools

QA testing is an ever-evolving discipline. Reputable courses ensure you stay current with:

AI-powered testing: Tools that use machine learning to prioritize test cases and detect anomalies.

Containerized testing environments: Leverage Docker and Kubernetes for a consistent, scalable test infrastructure.

Shift-left testing: Integrate testing earlier in the SDLC, using static code analysis and unit test frameworks.

TestOps: Treat testing as an operational function, incorporating observability, monitoring, and feedback loops.

By familiarizing yourself with these innovations, you become a forward-looking QA professional prepared to drive efficiency and quality in modern software development.

Networking Opportunities and Professional Growth

Quality Assurance Testing Courses often include interactions with:

Experienced instructors: Learn from QA veterans who share real-world anecdotes and best practices.

Industry guest speakers: Gain insights from guest lectures by QA managers and automation experts.

Peer communities: Engage in discussion forums and study groups that facilitate knowledge exchange.

Building this network can lead to mentorship, job referrals, and lifelong professional relationships an intangible yet invaluable benefit of formal QA training.

Certification and Credibility

Upon successful completion of a quality assurance program, many courses prepare you for industry-recognized certifications such as:

ISTQB Foundation Level: A global benchmark for QA knowledge.

Certified Software Tester (CSTE): Validates your practical skills and adherence to QA standards.

Certified Agile Tester (CAT): Demonstrates your ability to test within Agile frameworks.

Holding these credentials signals to employers that you’ve met stringent proficiency criteria, enhancing your credibility and employability.

Accelerated Onboarding and Reduced Learning Curve

Organizations invest significant time and resources in onboarding new QA hires. As a course graduate, you’ll already be versed in:

Common test management platforms: JIRA, TestRail, and Zephyr.

Bug tracking workflows: Reporting, triage, and resolution processes.

Collaboration tools: Slack, Confluence, and Git integration.

This readiness translates to quicker contributions, allowing you to add value from day one while reducing strain on existing teams.

Conclusion

In an era where software underpins virtually every aspect of business and daily life, the role of Quality Assurance testing has never been more critical. Enrolling in QA testing training not only equips you with the technical acumen and methodologies needed to detect and prevent defects but also propels your career trajectory, bolsters your earning potential, and embeds you within a thriving professional network.

By mastering industry best practices, exploring hands-on projects, and staying abreast of emerging trends, you evolve from a tester into a quality champion—someone who safeguards user satisfaction, enhances product reliability, and drives continuous improvement.

Key Takeaways

Comprehensive Skill Development: QA courses cover manual and automated testing, performance, security, and Agile methodologies.

Career Acceleration: Trained QA professionals enjoy high market demand, competitive salaries, and diverse advancement pathways.

Industry Certifications: Credentials like ISTQB and CSTE validate your expertise and enhance your professional credibility.

Practical Experience: Real-world projects and capstones build a robust portfolio for interviews.

Forward-Looking Learning: Exposure to AI in testing, containerization, and Shift-Left practices prepares you for modern DevOps environments.

Networking and Support: Connect with instructors, industry peers, and guest experts to expand opportunities and mentorship.

Investing in Quality Assurance Testing Courses is more than acquiring a new skill—it’s a strategic move toward becoming an indispensable asset in today’s technology-driven world.

[srishticampus]

Common PHP Mistakes That Make Your App Insecure

PHP is a widely used powerful web development language. It is an open source server-  side back-end programming language that can be used for several purposes such as creating websites, applications, customer relationships management systems and more. PHP is a general purpose language that can be embedded into HTML also. PHP is known for its efficient and optimized code that enables websites to load faster compared to many other web development technologies. For those who wish to have a successful career in PHP, Srishti campus is a best choice, Srishti is one of the best PHP training centre in Trivandrum.

PHP development mistakes can lead to security vulnerabilities and insecure applications. Many PHP applications are vulnerable due to common mistakes made by the developers. Common PHP mistakes includes, 

Neglecting input validation and sanitization   This happens when you insert user input directly into SQL queries without sanitization. Attackers can manipulate your database queries to extract, delete, or alter data. This critical mistake allows attackers in SQL injection and cross-site scripting.

Using outdated PHP versions Outdated PHP versions can result in security vulnerabilities. Staying up-to-date with the latest versions is crucial for security.

Improper session handling            Weak and improper session handling can lead to hijacking.

Ignoring security headers and configurations  Proper security headers and configurations can help in preventing various attacks and help in protecting applications.

No CSRF protection  Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) lets attackers perform actions on behalf of authenticated users without their consent.

Displaying errors in production  Showing detailed error messages can lead to exposing sensitive information such as file paths or database structure. Other mistakes               Ignoring errors, leaving development settings, and skipping backups can lead to security risks.

PHP is powerful, but along with the power there comes responsibility also. Avoiding these common mistakes can lead to the improved application's security. Use modern PHP practices, sanitize all input, and regularly update your software stack. The best Php training centres in the city offer comprehensive courses in programming languages like PHP to equip students with industry-relevant skills. Security isn’t a one-time fix — it’s an ongoing process. A few lines of secure code today can save an application from a major breach tomorrow.

[fullstackdevelopercourseblr]

Web Security 101: Protecting Against Common Threats

In today’s digital world, websites serve as the face of businesses, educational institutions, and organisations. As online interactions grow, so do the threats targeting web applications. From malware attacks to phishing schemes, cyber threats are more sophisticated and frequent than ever. Whether you’re a business owner, developer, or tech enthusiast, understanding the fundamentals of web security is essential to ensure your digital presence remains safe and resilient.

In this article, we’ll cover the essentials of web security, outline common web threats, and discuss best practices to protect against them. For students and professionals pursuing technology careers, especially those enrolled in programs like the Full Stack Developer Course in Bangalore, mastering these security concepts is not just beneficial—it’s essential.

What is Web Security?

Web security, also known as cybersecurity for web applications, is the protective measure taken to safeguard websites and online services against unauthorised access, misuse, modification, or destruction. These protections help maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) of information and services online.

With the increasing digitisation of services, web applications are a common target for attackers due to the valuable data they often store, such as user credentials, personal information, and payment details.

Common Web Security Threats

Here are some of the most common threats that web applications face today:

1. SQL Injection (SQLi)

SQLi a type of attack where malicious SQL queries are inserted into input fields to manipulate databases. If input validation is not properly handled, attackers can retrieve, alter, or delete sensitive data from the database.

2. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

XSS attacks occur when attackers inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. This can give rise to data theft, session hijacking, and the spreading of malware.

3. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

In a CSRF attack, a malicious website tricks a user into performing actions on a different site where they’re authenticated. This can result in unauthorised fund transfers, password changes, and more.

4. Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) Attacks

These attacks happen when an attacker intercepts communication between two parties. They can steal or manipulate data without either party being aware.

5. Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed DoS (DDoS)

These attacks flood a website with traffic, turning it slow or entirely unavailable to legitimate users. DDoS attacks can cripple even robust web infrastructures if not mitigated properly.

6. Zero-Day Exploits

Zero-day attacks exploit unknown or unpatched vulnerabilities in software. These are particularly dangerous because there’s often no fix available when the attack occurs.

Best Practices to Protect Against Web Threats

1. Use HTTPS

Securing your website with HTTPS encrypts data transferred between users and your server. It also ensures that data isn't altered during transmission. SSL/TLS certificates are now a basic requirement for modern websites.

2. Input Validation and Sanitisation

Never trust user input. Validate and sanitise all inputs on both client and server sides. This helps in preventing SQL injections, XSS, and other injection-based attacks.

3. Implement Proper Authentication and Session Management

Strong passwords, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and secure session management are crucial. Implement session expiration and automatic logout features to reduce unauthorised access risks.

4. Regularly Update Software and Libraries

Web frameworks, plugins, and server software should be regularly updated to patch known vulnerabilities. Automated tools can help identify outdated components in your tech stack.

5. Use Web Application Firewalls (WAF)

WAFs protect web applications by filtering and monitoring HTTP traffic. They can prevent many common attacks before they reach your server.

6. Data Encryption

Sensitive data—both at rest and in transit—should be encrypted. This reduces the damage caused by data breaches.

7. Conduct Regular Security Audits

Perform vulnerability assessments and penetration testing regularly to identify and fix security flaws in your applications.

8. Security Awareness Training

Educate employees and developers on security best practices. Social engineering attacks often target human error, so awareness is a strong line of defence.

Role of Developers in Web Security

Security isn't just the job of cybersecurity specialists. Developers play a critical role in implementing secure code and architecture. Understanding the OWASP Top 10—an industry-standard list of the most critical web application security risks—is a must for anyone writing backend or frontend code.

This is why modern tech education emphasises security fundamentals. At ExcelR, we integrate security concepts across our tech courses, including our Full Stack Developer Course in Bangalore. We believe that a well-rounded developer isn’t just one who can build efficient applications—but one who can build secure ones too.

Real-World Impact of Poor Web Security

Neglecting web security can have severe consequences. Major data breaches have cost companies millions in losses, legal penalties, and reputation damage. In extreme cases, companies have shut down operations permanently after suffering massive cyberattacks.

Even smaller websites are not immune. Bots and automated scripts scan thousands of websites daily for vulnerabilities, often targeting outdated CMS platforms or poorly configured servers.

Final Thoughts

Web security is not a one-time task—it’s an ongoing process of identifying risks, updating systems, and educating users and developers. With the evolution of cyber threats, staying informed and proactive is the best defense.

Whether you’re running a personal blog or developing enterprise-level web applications, implementing strong security measures can save you from irreversible damage. And if you're aspiring to become a tech professional, enrolling in a comprehensive program like the Full Stack Developer Course in Bangalore from ExcelR can give you both the technical and security skills required to thrive in today’s digital landscape.

For more details, visit us:

Name: Full Stack Developer Course In Bangalore

Address: No 9, Sri Krishna Akshaya, 1st Floor, 27th Main, 100 Feet Ring Rd, 1st Phase, BTM Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560068

Phone: 9513446548

[sqlinjection]

SQL Injection

perhaps, the direct association with the SQLi is:

' OR 1=1 -- -

but what does it mean?

Imagine, you have a login form with a username and a password. Of course, it has a database connected to it. When you wish a login and submit your credentials, the app sends a request to the database in order to check whether your data is correct and is it possible to let you in.

the following PHP code demonstrates a dynamic SQL query in a login from. The user and password variables from the POST request is concatenated directly into the SQL statement.

$query ="SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='" +$_POST["user"] + "' AND password= '" + $_POST["password"]$ + '";"

"In a world of locked rooms, the man with the key is king",

and there is definitely one key as a SQL statement:

' OR 1=1-- -

supplying this value  inside the name parameter, the query might return more than one user.

most applications will process the first user returned, meaning that the attacker can exploit this and log in as the first user the query returned

the double-dash (--) sequence is a comment indicator in SQL and causes the rest of the query to be commented out

in SQL, a string is enclosed within either a single quote (') or a double quote ("). The single quote (') in the input is used to close the string literal.

If the attacker enters ' OR 1=1-- - in the name parameter and leaves the password blank, the query above will result in the following SQL statement:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '' OR 1=1-- -' AND password = ''

executing the SQL statement above, all the users in the users table are returned -> the attacker bypasses the application's authentication mechanism and is logged in as the first user returned by the query. 

The reason for using  -- - instead of -- is primarily because of how MySQL handles the double-dash comment style: comment style requires the second dash to be followed by at least one whitespace or control character (such as a space, tab, newline, and so on). The safest solution for inline SQL comment is to use --<space><any character> such as -- - because if it is URL-encoded into  --%20- it will still be decoded as -- -.

[spookysphereswarm]

An Overview of Burp Suite: Acquisition, Features, Utilisation, Community Engagement, and Alternatives.

Introduction:

Burp Suite is one of the strongest web application security testing software tools used by cybersecurity experts, as well as ethical hackers. PortSwigger created Burp Suite, which provides potent scanning, crawling, and exploiting tools for web application vulnerabilities.

What is Burp Suite?

Burp Suite is one of the tools to conduct security testing of web applications. It assists security testers in detecting vulnerabilities and weaknesses like SQL injections, XSS, CSRF, etc.

Steps in Obtaining Burp Suite

Burp Suite is available for download on the PortSwigger official website. It is available in three versions:

Community Edition (Free)

Professional Edition (Subscription-Based)

Enterprise Edition (For Organisations)

Important Tools in Burp Suite

Proxy – Captures browser traffic

Spider – Crawls web application content

Scanner – Scans automatically for vulnerabilities (Pro only)

Intruder – Performs automated attack activities.

Repeater – Manually send requests.

Decoder – Translates encoded data.

Comparer – Compares HTTP requests/responses

Extender – Allows extensions through the BApp Store

How to Use Burp Suite

Set your browser to use Burp Proxy.

Capture and manipulate HTTP/S requests.

Utilise tools such as Repeater and Intruder for testing.

Scan server responses for risks.

Export reports for audit purposes.

Burp Suite Community

Burp Suite has a highly engaged worldwide user base of security experts. PortSwigger Forum and GitHub repositories have discussions, plugins, and tutorials. Many experts are contributing through YouTube, blogs, and courses.

Alternatives to Burp Suite

If you're searching for alternatives, then look at:

OWASP ZAP (Open Source)

Acunetix

Netsparker

Nikto

Wfuzz

Conclusion:

Burp Suite is widely used for web application security testing. Mastery of Burp Suite is one step towards web application security for both novice and professional ethical hackers.

[nit2023]

Django Online Training - NareshIT

Django Online Training - NareshIT

Are you looking to build powerful web applications using Python? Then it’s time to explore Django, one of the most popular and robust web frameworks available today. Whether you're a beginner in web development or looking to upgrade your skills, a structured Django course can help you unlock new career opportunities in the field offull-stack development.

What is Django? Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. Built by experienced developers, it handles much of the hassle of web development, so you can focus on writing your app without needing to reinvent the wheel.

Why Learn Django? Here are some compelling reasons to learn Django:

Fast Development: Django’s built-in features, such as the admin interface, authentication system, and ORM, help you build and scale web applications quickly.

Secure by Default: Django includes built-in protection against many security threats like SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and cross-site request forgery (CSRF).

Versatile: Django is suitable for building everything from simple websites to large-scale enterprise applications.

Community Support: Being open-source, Django has a strong community that continually contributes to its growth and updates.

What Will You Learn in a Django Course?

A well-structured Django course will cover:

Basics of Python for web development

Django architecture and installation

URL routing and view handling

Working with templates and static files

Forms and validations

Connecting to databases and using Django ORM

Building REST APIs with Django Rest Framework (DRF)

Deployment strategies for Django applications

Best Django Online Training:

If you are looking for Django Online Training, NareshIT offers a comprehensive and practical course that helps you master Django from scratch. The course is designed by industry experts and includes hands-on projects to solidify your learning.

👉 For More Information: Django Online Training at NareshIT

Final Thoughts: Learning Django opens up a wide range of opportunities in web development, backend programming, and full-stack roles. With the right training and guidance, you can become a job-ready Django developer in just a few weeks. Start your journey today with a reliable and industry-approved Django Online Training course.

[vijaysethupati]

"Beyond the Browser: The Ultimate Full Stack Journey"

In the ever-evolving digital landscape, a new kind of developer is rising above the traditional boundaries of front-end and back-end work—the full stack developer. This role has quickly transformed from a buzzword into a must-have skillset for anyone looking to truly master web development. But what lies beyond the browser? What does it take to embark on the ultimate full stack journey?

Let’s dive deeper into the path of becoming a well-rounded developer capable of building complex applications from the ground up.

What Is a Full Stack Developer?

At its core, a  Best full stack development course with Java is someone who has proficiency in both the front-end (what users interact with) and the back-end (the server, database, and application logic) of web applications. These developers can create seamless, fully functional systems by connecting the visible parts of a website with the underlying infrastructure.

A full stack professional typically understands:

Front-end technologies: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React or Vue.js

Back-end languages and frameworks: Node.js, Python with Django or Flask, Ruby on Rails, or PHP

Databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, etc.

Version control systems: Git and GitHub for collaboration and tracking changes

Deployment and hosting platforms: AWS, Heroku, Netlify, and Docker for managing environments

But being a full stack developer is not just about knowing tools—it's about understanding how everything connects.

The Journey Beyond the Browser

The road to becoming a full stack expert doesn't stop at the front-end. It goes far deeper, encompassing areas like DevOps, architecture, security, and scalability. Here’s what the ultimate full stack journey looks like:

1. Mastering the Front-End

To start, you need to understand how to build intuitive and accessible user interfaces. This includes:

Writing clean, semantic HTML and efficient CSS

Creating dynamic interfaces with JavaScript and frameworks like Angular or React

Learning how to optimize for performance and responsiveness across devices

2. Diving Into the Back-End

Once comfortable with the client side, developers must tackle server-side logic:

Writing RESTful APIs

Handling data with relational and non-relational databases

Implementing authentication and authorization

Managing server-side rendering and state

3. Connecting the Dots

The next step is learning how to integrate the front-end and back-end into a cohesive application:

Setting up API routes and handling requests/responses

Synchronizing data between client and server

Using tools like Postman to test API endpoints

4. Embracing DevOps and Deployment

Beyond coding, deploying and maintaining applications is crucial:

Setting up CI/CD pipelines for automated testing and deployment

Using Docker and containerization for consistent development environments

Monitoring performance and logging with tools like New Relic or Datadog

5. Staying Secure and Scalable

Security and scalability cannot be ignored:

Understanding authentication methods like JWT and OAuth

Learning best practices to prevent vulnerabilities (e.g., SQL injection, XSS)

Scaling applications with microservices or serverless architecture

Why Full Stack Developers Are in High Demand

Companies are constantly on the lookout for professionals who can see the whole picture. Full stack developers bring flexibility and efficiency to teams, as they can handle multiple responsibilities across the software development lifecycle.

Benefits of Being a Full Stack Developer:

Increased job opportunities across startups and enterprises

Higher earning potential due to broad skillsets

Ability to work independently or as a team leader

Strong foundation for becoming a tech entrepreneur

Conclusion: Your Journey Starts Now

Becoming a  Java full stack developer roadmap  is more than just checking off a list of programming languages. It’s about building a mindset that sees the bigger picture—how design, functionality, and user experience come together in harmony.

Beyond the browser lies a world of code, creativity, and challenge. Those who venture on this path develop not only technical expertise but also the problem-solving skills and vision required to lead in today’s tech industry.

So whether you're just starting out or leveling up your skills, remember: the ultimate full stack journey is a marathon, not a sprint—but it’s one worth running.

[fromdevcom]

From Beginner to Pro: The 5 Best Ethical Hacking Books to Read In an era where cybersecurity threats are increasing daily, ethical hackers play a crucial role in safeguarding digital systems. If you're an aspiring ethical hacker, reading the right books can provide the foundation you need to build strong hacking and penetration testing skills. We've curated a list of the 5 best books for ethical hacking, offering everything from beginner-friendly concepts to advanced hacking techniques. Whether you're new to cybersecurity or looking to sharpen your hacking skills, these books will set you on the right path. 1. Ethical Hacking: A Hands-on Introduction to Breaking In Author: Daniel Graham Level: Beginner to Intermediate This book is a perfect starting point for ethical hacking enthusiasts. It provides practical hands-on lessons in penetration testing, guiding you through real-world hacking scenarios. Key Highlights: ✅ Step-by-step guidance on penetration testing ✅ Learn to break into computers and networks ethically ✅ Covers fundamental hacking techniques and tools If you’re looking to get started with ethical hacking and understand the mindset of a hacker, this book is a great investment. 2. Gray Hat Hacking: The Ethical Hacker's Handbook Authors: Allen Harper, Daniel Regalado, and others Level: Intermediate to Advanced "Gray Hat Hacking" is one of the most comprehensive books on ethical hacking. It goes beyond the basics, introducing advanced security tools, reverse engineering, and fuzzing techniques. Key Highlights: ✅ In-depth coverage of zero-day vulnerabilities ✅ Learn binary scanning and advanced exploitation techniques ✅ Covers topics such as malware analysis and vulnerability discovery If you want to go beyond beginner-level hacking and explore advanced cybersecurity concepts, this book is a must-read. 3. Learn Ethical Hacking from Scratch Author: Zaid Sabih Level: Beginner This book is one of the best beginner-friendly ethical hacking books available. It takes you from zero to hero, covering ethical hacking concepts, penetration testing techniques, and using Kali Linux. Key Highlights: ✅ Covers basic to intermediate ethical hacking techniques ✅ Hands-on practical exercises using real-world examples ✅ Teaches penetration testing using Kali Linux If you want to learn ethical hacking from scratch and gain hands-on experience, this book is an excellent choice. 4. Hacking: The Art of Exploitation Author: Jon Erickson Level: Intermediate Unlike other books that focus only on penetration testing, this book goes deep into the core principles of hacking and exploitation techniques. It includes a Linux programming crash course, making it a perfect read for aspiring hackers who want to understand the fundamentals of cybersecurity. Key Highlights: ✅ Deep dive into exploitation techniques and vulnerabilities ✅ Learn how programs and network security actually work ✅ Covers buffer overflows, cryptography, and shellcode writing If you're interested in learning how exploits work under the hood, this book is a must-read. 5. The Web Application Hacker’s Handbook Authors: Dafydd Stuttard & Marcus Pinto Level: Intermediate to Advanced With web applications being a prime target for hackers, this book focuses on web security and penetration testing techniques. It’s an essential read for ethical hackers who want to specialize in web security testing. Key Highlights: ✅ Covers SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, and other web attacks ✅ Learn how to test web applications for security flaws ✅ A must-read for bug bounty hunters and penetration testers If you're aiming to become a web security expert, this book will help you master web application penetration testing. Conclusion Ethical hacking is a rapidly growing field, and reading the right books can give you a competitive edge. Whether you're just starting or looking to specialize in advanced penetration testing techniques, these books will provide valuable insights.

💡 Pro Tip: Combine your reading with hands-on practice in virtual labs like Hack The Box, TryHackMe, and Kali Linux to build real-world experience! Which book are you planning to read first? Let us know in the comments! 🚀

[zombiepineapple]

Slingshots for a Spider

I recently finished (didn't take the test, I was just stumbling through the course, open mouthed and scared) the ineffable WEB-300: Advanced Web Attacks and Exploitation, from the magnanimous OffSec, which is the preparation course for the Offensive Security Web Expert certification (OSWE). The image is a very cool digital black widow spider, which makes sense, because the course is teaching you how to be an attacker on 'the web'.

As scared as I am of spiders, I am enamored by this course. Enough to stare at it for two years then finally take it and complete it over one grueling year. It covers things like: Blind SQL Injection - setting things up in a program called Burpsuite, to repeatedly try sending various things, then clicking a button, and seeing how a website answers, whether it gives us info or errors (which is more info!)

Authentication Bypass Exploitation - skirting around the steps that websites use to make sure you are who you say you are, like taking a 'reset password' click of a button, knowing some admin's email, and getting a database to spit out the token so we can get to the website to reset the password before the admin.

and Server-Side Request Forgery - making a server (someone else's computer in charge of doing real work instead of messing around with a human) ask its connections and resources to get something for you.

Now I know what you're probably thinking: Holy cow, where to even start? If you're not thinking that, congratulations. If you are, I've the answer: Tools. No spider is eating flies without sensing, lurking, biting... this metaphor to say: No one's doing it by hand with no help.

So what tools are helpful? How do you know what's good, what's useful, what's a dime a dozen, what's only going to do part of what you want versus all of it...

Luckily the fan favorites are famous for a reason. Just about anything you'd need is already downloaded into Kali Linux, which is jam packed with much, much more than the average hacker even needs!

Tools are dependent on what you need to do. For this class we need to inspect web traffic, recover source code, analyze said code of source, and debug things remotely.

Inspecting web traffic covers SSL / TLS and HTTP. SSL is Secure Sockets Layer and TLS is Transport Layer Security. These are literally just protocols (rules! internet rules that really smart people spent a lot of time figuring out) that encrypts traffic (mixes and chops and surrounds your communication, to keep it safe and secure). HTTP is the hypertext transfer protocol, which is another set of rules that figures out how information is going to travel between devices, like computers, web servers, phones, etc.

But do you always follow the rules? Exactly. Even by accident, a lot can fall through the cracks or go wrong. Being able to see *exactly* what's happening is pivotal in *taking advantage* of what's not dotting the i's and crossing the t's.

Possibly the most famous tool for web hacking, and the obvious choice for inspecting web traffic, is Burp Suite. It gathers info, can pause in the middle of talking to websites and connections that usually happen behind the scenes in milliseconds, like manipulating HTTP requests. You can easily compare changes, decode, the list goes on.

Decompiling source code is the one where you could find a million things that all do very specific things. For example dnSpy can debug and edit .NET assemblies, like .exe or .dll files that usually *run*, and don't get cracked open and checked inside. At least not by a normal user. .NET binaries are easier to convert back to something readable because it uses runtime compiling, rather than compiling during assembly. All you have to do is de-compile. It's the difference between figuring out what's in a salad and what's in a baked loaf of bread. One's pretty easy to de-compile. The other, you'd probably not be able to guess, unless you already knew, that there are eggs in it! dnSpy decompiles assemblies so you can edit code, explore, and you can even add more features via dnSpy plugins.

Another type of code objects useful to analyze are Java ARchive or JAR files. Another decompiler that's good for JAR files is JD-GUI, which lets you inspect source code and Java class files so you can figure out how things work.

Analyzing source code is another act that can come with a lot of options. Data enters an application through a source. It's then used or it acts on its own in a 'sink'. We can either start at the sink (bottom-up approach) or with the sources (top-down approach). We could do a hybrid of these or even automate code analysis to snag low-hanging fruit and really balance between time, effort and quality. But when you have to just *look* at something with your *eyes*, most people choose VSCode. VSCode can download an incredible amount of plug ins, like remote ssh or kubernetes, it can push and pull to gitlab, examine hundreds of files with ease, search, search and replace... I could go on!

Last need is remote debugging, which really shows what an application is doing during runtime (when it's running!). Debugging can go step-by-step through huge amalgamations using breakpoints, which can continue through steps, step over a step, step INTO a step (because that step has a huge amalgamation of steps inside of it too, of course it does!), step out of that step, restart from the beginning or from a breakpoint, stop, or hot code replace. And the best part? VSCode does this too!

Remote debugging lets us debug a running process. All we need is access to the source code and debugger port on whatever remote system we happen to be working in.

Easy, right? Only a few tools and all the time in the world... WEB-300 was mostly whitebox application security, research, and learning chained attack methods. For example, you'd do three or seven steps, which incorporate two or four attacks, rather than just one. It's more realistic, as just one attack usually isn't enough to fell a giant. And here there be giants. Worry not: we've got some slingshots now.

The next step is seeing if we can get them to work!

Useful links:

(PortSwigger Ltd., 2020), https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation

(DNN Corp., 2020), https://www.dnnsoftware.com/

(0xd4d, 2020), https://github.com/0xd4d/dnSpy

(ICSharpCode , 2020), https://github.com/icsharpcode/ILSpy

(MicroSoft, 2021), https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/compiler-options/command-line-building-with-csc-exe

(Wikipedia, 2021), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-reference

(Wikipedia, 2019), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakpoint

(Oracle, 2020), https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/manifestindex.html

(Wikipedia, 2021), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment

(Microsoft, 2022), https://code.visualstudio.com/(Wikipedia, 2021), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positives_and_false_negatives

(Oracle, 2021), https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/jpda/conninv.html#Invocation